Coleus is a tropical evergreen that most likely originated in Southeast Asia or Malaysia. It is a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae) and is closely related to spearmint, peppermint, basil, and thyme. The plant was named by Dutch botanist Karl Ludwig Blume, who discovered it in the Dutch colony of Java in the early 1800s. Dutch traders transported it throughout Europe, where it quickly gained popularity in Victorian households due to its vibrant colors and ease of cultivation. Today, coleus is widely enjoyed as a container plant, though it also adapts well in our southern landscapes. The plant is available in a wide selection of colors and leaf shapes. Thus, it provides a visually pleasing addition to landscapes.
Some species of coleus have been known for their medicinal value. Coleus derivatives have been used to treat various conditions such as heart disease, convulsions, and respiratory disorders as well as multiple other ailments.
In an outdoor setting, coleus prefers shade to part shade, though some varieties are sun tolerant. Heights range from one to about three feet depending on the variety and soil conditions. Plants should be spaced 12-24 inches apart, again depending on the variety. Plant in beds in early spring after all danger of frost has passed. Soil should be well-drained and rich in nutrients. Keep plants moist. Do not over-water. Coleus is extremely easy to grow from cuttings, so plants can be saved from year to year.
For additional information, visit https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu, https://web.extension.illinois.edu, www.medicalhealthguide.com/herb/coleus.
by Sharon McIver, ECMG
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