by Lydia Holley June 17, 2024
Blueberries are relatively easy to grow in East Texas. However, there are several things you need to know for your plants to be successful. First, you need to determine your soil’s pH. This can easily be done with a soil test. Call the Extension Office at 903-675-6130 for a testing form. Ideally, soil pH to grow blueberries is between 4.5 to 5.0. In soils with a higher pH, you may notice signs of low iron or zinc. If your water pH is high, used collected rainwater.
You will also need to have a minimum of two varieties of blueberries for cross-pollination. Even blueberries marketed as self-fruiting will benefit from another variety planted nearby.
Blueberry bushes prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Their roots are very thin and fragile, so they are not strong enough to push through heavy soils. Therefore, soils high in organic matter are preferred. Their roots are also very sensitive to water fluctuations, so irrigation is a must in our dry summers.
Be very careful when you fertilize blueberry bushes. You do not want to burn newly planted bushes. Even established plants need to be fertilized with the correct nutrients. Most prefer soils low in phosphorus and calcium. Magnesium is not absorbed well by the plants in soils with high calcium levels.
The type of nitrogen given needs to be in the correct form. According to Kathy Demchak, Senior Extension Associate at Penn State Extension, blueberries prefer the ammonium form instead of the nitrate form, stating studies have proved twice as much nitrogen is absorbed in the ammonium form. Look for ammonium sulfate or urea. It is best to avoid fresh animal manures and mushroom composts.
If you plants blueberries, you must be patient. It is recommended flower buds be removed for the first two years. It will be worth the wait. According to Ohio State University, blueberries are a good source of fiber with zero cholesterol, and the type of fiber in blueberries actually lowers cholesterol. Studies have shown the juice may prevent urinary tract infections. Other reports state blueberries improve memory and reduce the effects of glaucoma.
Prune your blueberry bushes annually, removing dead, dying, or diseased canes at the very least. Look for specific pruning instruction on the type of blueberry bush you plant. Pruning will increase fruit size and yield.
Blueberries can be eaten fresh, frozen, in pies, as jam, or juiced. They can also be dried like a raisin. If your soil is unable to support healthy blueberry plants but you still want to grow them, consider placing them in raised beds or containers. Soon enough, you will be enjoying fresh blueberries from your own back yard.
If you are interested in growing blueberries, join Henderson County Master Gardeners at Echo Springs Blueberry Farm, 7235 FM 607N, Murchison,TX on Saturday, June 22, 10:00 a.m. The tour is free and open to the public.
For more information, call 903-675-6130, email [email protected].
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