HCMGAHenderson County Master Gardener Association

Brussels Sprouts ‘Catskill’

Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera

Brussels Sprouts 'Catskill'

Characteristics

‘Catskill’ Brussels Sprouts is a popular heirloom variety known for its large, flavorful sprouts and high yields. First developed in the 1940s, this variety has stood the test of time due to its ability to produce a heavy crop of firm, medium-sized sprouts that are great for fresh eating, roasting, or freezing.  ‘Catskill’ produces tall, sturdy stalks that are covered with compact, dark green sprouts that are about 1-2 inches in diameter.  They can produce 50-100 sprouts per plant.  This variety is known for its excellent, sweet flavor that improves after exposure to light frost, which helps convert starches into sugars in the sprouts.  They are heavy feeders, so fertilize at planting with a balanced fertilizer or an organic amendment rich in nitrogen to support leaf and sprout development. ‘Catskill’ Brussels sprouts prefer full sun for at least 6 hours per day but can tolerate some light shade.

Culture

  • Soil Type: Well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5.
  • Water: Require consistent moisture, especially during the growing season, to develop firm, well-formed sprouts. Aim for 1-1.5 inches of water per week.
  • Mulch: To retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and reduce weed competition.
  • Fertilize: every 2-4 weeks with a balanced fertilizer or compost tea to support steady growth
  • Height 24-36” Spread: 18-24 “

Pest & Disease Management

  • Cabbage Worms: Protect plants from cabbage worms by using floating row covers or applying Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) if infestations occur.
  • Aphids: Aphids can cluster on the leaves and stems. Use insecticidal soap or a strong spray of water to remove them.
  • Clubroot: Avoid this soil-borne disease by maintaining soil pH above 7.0 and rotating crops.
  • Flea Beetles: Use row covers or organic insecticides to prevent flea beetles from damaging young plants.

Tips for Growth / Harvest

  • Staking: As the plants grow taller and the weight of the sprouts increases, you may need to stake them to keep them upright and prevent the stalks from bending or breaking.
  • Temperature: Cool temperatures are essential for producing high-quality sprouts. The best flavor develops when the sprouts mature in cooler weather, ideally with daytime temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C) and exposure to light frosts.
  • Topping the Plants: About 4-6 weeks before the first expected frost, you can top (remove the growing tip) of the plant to encourage the remaining sprouts to mature evenly and fully before winter sets in. This helps focus the plant’s energy on sprout development rather than further upward growth.
  • Harvesting: Harvest when they reach 1-2 inches in diameter and are firm to the touch. Start from the bottom of the plant, where the sprouts mature first, and work your way up as the sprouts develop. Twist or cut the sprouts off the stalk.
  • Good Companions: Brussels sprouts grow well with carrots, beans, beets, onions, and herbs like thyme and dill.
  • Bad Companions: Avoid planting Brussels sprouts near tomatoes, strawberries, or pole beans, as these can attract pests that may also damage the sprouts.