Arugula-Rocket Salad
Eruca vesicaria
Characteristics
Arugula is a leafy green vegetable with a distinct, peppery flavor. It’s commonly used in Mediterranean, Italian, and Middle Eastern cuisines. Arugula is highly versatile and is often added to salads, sandwiches, and even pizza for a zesty kick. Younger leaves tend to be milder, while older leaves can have a more pronounced bite. The leaves are tender, dark green, and deeply lobed. Arugula is a good source of vitamins A, C, and K, which are essential for immune function, skin health, and bone strength. It is rich in calcium, potassium, and magnesium. Like many leafy greens, arugula contains antioxidants that help reduce inflammation and fight oxidative stress. Arugula is very low in calories, making it a great choice for a healthy diet. Arugula is often used as a base or added to mixed green salads. Its bold flavor pairs well with milder greens, cheeses, nuts, and citrus fruits. It can be used in place of basil to make a spicy, flavorful pesto. Though usually eaten raw, arugula can also be lightly sautéed or wilted in olive oil for a warm side dish.
Culture
Arugula is a cool-weather crop, much like lettuce, and is best grown in early spring or fall. It can tolerate light frost but tends to bolt (go to seed) in hot weather, which makes the leaves more bitter.
- Soil: Well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Work in compost or organic matter before planting to enrich the soil.
- Water: Keep the soil evenly moist, as arugula grows best in cool, moist conditions. Water regularly, especially during dry spells.
- Mulch: Mulching around the plants will help retain soil moisture and keep the roots cool.
- Fertilizing: Generally is not necessary if the soil is rich in organic matter, but a nitrogen-rich fertilizer can be applied for faster growth.
Pest & Disease Management
- Flea Beetles: These pests can cause small holes in the leaves. Use row covers to protect young plants.
- Slugs: If growing in damp conditions, slugs may be a problem. Use organic slug control methods like copper tape or diatomaceous earth.
Tips for Growth / Harvest
- For baby arugula, pick the leaves when they are about 2-3 inches long. For full-sized arugula, wait until the leaves are about 4-6 inches long.
- Cut leaves as needed, leaving the plant in the ground to continue producing.
- Harvest early in the day when leaves are crisp and tender.
- Container Gardening: Arugula is ideal for container gardening. Choose a container that’s at least 6-8 inches deep, and make sure it has good drainage.
- Companion Planting: Arugula can be planted alongside other cool-season crops like lettuce, spinach, and peas. Avoid planting near brassicas, as they share common pests.